{"schema_version":"1","release_id":"release-b6738a17-0b53-4c6c-895d-b6bbb403fb87","series_id":"series-72f724aa9f74b262ec943036475ca078","metric":{"key":"metric.open.research-spending","definition":"Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.","definition_version":"1","unit":"%"},"geography":{"id":"entity.geo.serbia","level":"country"},"frequency":"annual","observations":[{"period_start":"2000-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2001-01-01","value":"0.80171","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-f5311db1-8677-47d2-ab9e-4675665c09a2","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5642&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5642,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.80171","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2001-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2002-01-01","value":"0.28973","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-93067c6b-7d8d-49cc-b53a-aee0ddb7472b","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5641&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5641,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.28973","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2002-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2003-01-01","value":"0.6108","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-2f3508ce-ee18-4137-9c80-5ebf2f855fd0","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5640&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5640,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.6108","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2003-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2004-01-01","value":"0.46825","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-cb1590dc-3ec0-4c55-a94a-0824c2caabc0","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5639&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5639,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.46825","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2004-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2005-01-01","value":"0.28194","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-640e0bce-70ec-4948-906e-00b45a6c2f99","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5638&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5638,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.28194","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2005-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2006-01-01","value":"0.38621","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-fabdf0ab-d859-434a-9189-84a1f6aa33c4","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5637&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5637,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.38621","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2006-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2007-01-01","value":"0.42907","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-d63edc95-3b4e-4b41-bdd3-b7ebe8dc9cf6","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5636&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5636,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.42907","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2007-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2008-01-01","value":"0.55664","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-54f967a9-e4e6-447c-8f0a-46084bb3ade9","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5635&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5635,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.55664","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2008-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2009-01-01","value":"0.64463","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-d85eb98f-1f1f-49fb-8b19-a05a4c833110","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5634&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5634,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.64463","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2009-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2010-01-01","value":"0.78609","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-192d2d0a-c1c2-474a-a342-f6744f0a3368","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5633&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5633,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.78609","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2010-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2011-01-01","value":"0.67458","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-6857fecf-1c05-4a4a-94b2-0e7afe1a4b57","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5632&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5632,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.67458","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2011-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2012-01-01","value":"0.65677","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-1c50ac8a-0d99-4063-a812-14cbabacff48","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5631&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5631,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.65677","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2012-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2013-01-01","value":"0.81922","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-3b6b3830-7972-4f9a-86e3-c80b4e2123da","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5630&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5630,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.81922","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2013-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2014-01-01","value":"0.65574","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-535a8663-d786-41fb-b6c4-4347d0ac77a3","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5629&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5629,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.65574","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2014-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2015-01-01","value":"0.69287","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-b6db9993-fe62-4798-9386-0fb3cf4f9cea","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5628&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5628,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.69287","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2015-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2016-01-01","value":"0.77867","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-f4260789-4c38-4060-86e2-f8d0766d7b25","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5627&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5627,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.77867","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2016-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2017-01-01","value":"0.80779","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-7d1f1c06-fe0e-4683-8616-5a877016313d","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5626&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5626,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.80779","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2017-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2018-01-01","value":"0.83834","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-ace72bc1-54fa-49e6-a7c3-a9a85cb6e314","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5625&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5625,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.83834","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2018-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2019-01-01","value":"0.88154","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-182f93c3-c0a6-4da9-a949-d605e6b23e11","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5624&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5624,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.88154","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2019-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2020-01-01","value":"0.84798","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-c62fdbe4-2546-4b38-9787-910531eb78ee","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5623&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5623,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.84798","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2020-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2021-01-01","value":"0.86478","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-666b59bc-4a70-46a1-a788-3aed2f6500db","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5622&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5622,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.86478","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2021-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2022-01-01","value":"0.94784","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-51bcd036-934e-482c-9e4e-66cf4600b195","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5621&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5621,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.94784","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2022-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2023-01-01","value":"0.91938","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-c802873d-080b-4c56-8a41-5354cd016ee1","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5620&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5620,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.91938","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2023-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2024-01-01","value":"0.87816","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-6dc92c5e-d69d-42b3-af9c-4c65d73d616f","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5619&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5619,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.87816","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2024-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2025-01-01","value":"0.93978","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-15c56412-160c-4362-834d-bf9ee188a4e3","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5618&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5618,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"0.93978","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2025-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2026-01-01","value":null,"value_status":"missing","revision_id":"rev-39fad47c-1bcd-48bb-bc59-875ac119bf51","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=5617&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":5617,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","dataset_id":"source-9d9fafebf81def6977fbb489059c14e0","source_collection_updated_at":null,"source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"},"rights":{"license_url":"https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/int/public-licenses#cc-by","license_name":"CC BY 4.0 with World Bank additional terms","attribution":"Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), uri: https://databrowser.uis.unesco.org/resources/bulk, publisher: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), date accessed: 2025-03-26, date published: 2025-02 Distributed by World Bank WDI, GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS; accessed 2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z. Adaptation by World Signals Monitor; no publisher endorsement is implied.","permitted_channels":["public_display","csv_export"]},"caveats":["Gross domestic R&D expenditure as a share of GDP, not total research dollars. Survey coverage and national compilation methods vary; gaps remain missing.","Annual 2000–2025 selection. Source estimates and historical values may be revised; unavailable values remain missing."],"comparison_allowed":true}