{"schema_version":"1","release_id":"release-b6738a17-0b53-4c6c-895d-b6bbb403fb87","series_id":"series-a58a61a42e2c3c89844bfb09beb0981c","metric":{"key":"metric.open.research-spending","definition":"Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.","definition_version":"1","unit":"%"},"geography":{"id":"entity.geo.austria","level":"country"},"frequency":"annual","observations":[{"period_start":"2000-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2001-01-01","value":"1.89667","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-081004b0-99c5-471a-a4ed-4c98ec0d55ec","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1560&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1560,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"1.89667","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2001-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2002-01-01","value":"2.00257","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-d8e27850-96cf-4a52-8d1d-6f534c36dd94","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1559&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1559,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"2.00257","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2002-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2003-01-01","value":"2.0811","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-0fe50c79-afa2-443e-9d66-f0a6419ccbc8","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1558&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1558,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"2.0811","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2003-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2004-01-01","value":"2.18701","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-b34d8c38-9baa-4ad3-b84f-53c7f72f4076","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1557&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1557,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"2.18701","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2004-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2005-01-01","value":"2.18238","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-57451c23-3cb8-4ee7-9cc5-da95e9ca0774","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1556&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1556,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"2.18238","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2005-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2006-01-01","value":"2.38942","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-10595228-111c-4430-8913-9ae7256c77da","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1555&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1555,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"2.38942","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2006-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2007-01-01","value":"2.376","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-9d83376c-4504-423d-b8f6-bebc9044f4bc","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1554&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1554,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"2.376","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2007-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2008-01-01","value":"2.4336","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-a1c38a26-565a-4878-8272-9b348df10b0b","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1553&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1553,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"2.4336","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2008-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2009-01-01","value":"2.58632","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-17615515-d280-4f58-977c-dea83b79c456","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1552&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1552,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"2.58632","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2009-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2010-01-01","value":"2.61279","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-1aa54ba7-3f3c-4471-8e8d-6d82876dbdb0","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1551&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1551,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"2.61279","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2010-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2011-01-01","value":"2.74321","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-f6c3fd6e-e7b8-492d-84f5-ef71297828ab","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1550&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1550,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"2.74321","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2011-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2012-01-01","value":"2.68567","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-0616c9f2-233a-49bd-9f61-c280472ffb5e","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1549&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1549,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"2.68567","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2012-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2013-01-01","value":"2.93372","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-3930586f-812c-4a7a-9c3b-0084911abed0","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1548&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1548,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"2.93372","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2013-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2014-01-01","value":"2.97993","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-b1ce0e08-63cb-4955-a7b4-466997af11b2","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1547&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1547,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"2.97993","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2014-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2015-01-01","value":"3.11263","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-efc0a81f-00fb-469d-83c9-898e490ede49","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1546&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1546,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"3.11263","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2015-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2016-01-01","value":"3.06917","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-c6a8e993-a839-48e9-a2a3-5786cfb432ba","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1545&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1545,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"3.06917","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2016-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2017-01-01","value":"3.13356","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-af10c213-bdd3-429f-9db4-bc48e7dc819f","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1544&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1544,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"3.13356","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2017-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2018-01-01","value":"3.07376","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-1a4a4460-19c8-428f-a1a8-9dfc2d0b1e31","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1543&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1543,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"3.07376","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2018-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2019-01-01","value":"3.10828","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-6720aaa3-03b3-4a2a-9362-c20485be091d","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1542&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1542,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"3.10828","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2019-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2020-01-01","value":"3.14405","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-32fa2b95-0863-48ea-9a96-2c8aabb8a16f","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1541&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1541,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"3.14405","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2020-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2021-01-01","value":"3.20758","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-676dbb1b-164e-45d2-8041-0081fd52633f","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1540&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1540,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"3.20758","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2021-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2022-01-01","value":"3.25565","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-0b48849a-2536-40fd-b56f-5f2f8180f829","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1539&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1539,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"3.25565","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2022-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2023-01-01","value":"3.17775","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-1d0a67cb-bb30-4f2f-afb8-239bbd9651a6","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1538&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1538,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"3.17775","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2023-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2024-01-01","value":"3.25517","value_status":"present","revision_id":"rev-402882a1-143f-40a6-a455-979d054bc633","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1537&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1537,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"3.25517","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2024-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2025-01-01","value":null,"value_status":"missing","revision_id":"rev-4878725a-785f-4420-878a-cd2bf951cb6e","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1536&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1536,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}},{"period_start":"2025-01-01","period_end_exclusive":"2026-01-01","value":null,"value_status":"missing","revision_id":"rev-1b20e55b-370e-4920-b238-400684a29860","source_locator":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y#record=1535&field=value","source_note":"","source_release_id":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z","source_status":"","source_evidence":{"adapter":"open-annual","metricKey":"metric.open.research-spending","unit":"%","originalSha256":"3d401bca30e376946a88a22396c936d5caa6eb9b9dbfc70f880e18b79e78f20f","originalRow":1535,"originalField":"value","originalValue":"","sourceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","sourceStatus":"","note":"","sourceReleaseAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?source=2&format=json&date=2000:2025&per_page=20000&footnote=y","dataset_id":"source-9d9fafebf81def6977fbb489059c14e0","source_collection_updated_at":null,"source_published_at":null,"retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z"},"rights":{"license_url":"https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/int/public-licenses#cc-by","license_name":"CC BY 4.0 with World Bank additional terms","attribution":"Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), uri: https://databrowser.uis.unesco.org/resources/bulk, publisher: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), date accessed: 2025-03-26, date published: 2025-02 Distributed by World Bank WDI, GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS; accessed 2026-10-04T18:29:37.077Z. Adaptation by World Signals Monitor; no publisher endorsement is implied.","permitted_channels":["public_display","csv_export"]},"caveats":["Gross domestic R&D expenditure as a share of GDP, not total research dollars. Survey coverage and national compilation methods vary; gaps remain missing.","Annual 2000–2025 selection. Source estimates and historical values may be revised; unavailable values remain missing."],"comparison_allowed":true}