{
  "slug": "coal-trade",
  "kind": "flow",
  "title": "Coal: the leading trade routes",
  "subtitle": "15 retained leading routes · 2024",
  "takeaway": "Australia → Japan is the largest retained route. Displayed routes cover 57.0% of primary-line world trade.",
  "period": "2024",
  "unit": "USD",
  "publisher": "CEPII BACI via Commodity Origins",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
  "licenseUrl": "https://commodityorigins.com/sources/",
  "attribution": "CEPII BACI; derived primary-HS-line corridor snapshot from Commodity Origins.",
  "retrievedAt": null,
  "vintage": "2026-10-10T22:48:06.733043+00:00",
  "method": "Ribbon widths represent USD value for the 15 retained leading exporter–importer routes. These represent 57.0% of primary-line world value (1734 total corridors). Node totals cover displayed routes only.",
  "notes": [
    "Selected primary HS line only, not all coal products or physical tonnage. Reporting year 2024; snapshot generated 2026-10-10. Acquisition date is not supplied.",
    "Other routes are omitted. The data export contains exactly the displayed routes; broader commodity coverage is in the linked retained snapshot."
  ],
  "explorer": "/patterns/trade-flows/",
  "rows": [
    {
      "place": "Australia",
      "code": "AUS",
      "destination": "Japan",
      "destinationCode": "JPN",
      "period": "2024",
      "value": "17412323185",
      "status": "Retained derived corridor value",
      "sharePct": 9.730126068209449,
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
      "sourceLocator": "/publisher-data/patterns/trade-flows.json · coal · AUS → JPN"
    },
    {
      "place": "Australia",
      "code": "AUS",
      "destination": "India",
      "destinationCode": "IND",
      "period": "2024",
      "value": "10820509053",
      "status": "Retained derived corridor value",
      "sharePct": 6.046574950928448,
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
      "sourceLocator": "/publisher-data/patterns/trade-flows.json · coal · AUS → IND"
    },
    {
      "place": "Russia",
      "code": "RUS",
      "destination": "China",
      "destinationCode": "CHN",
      "period": "2024",
      "value": "10478128825",
      "status": "Retained derived corridor value",
      "sharePct": 5.855250522458606,
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
      "sourceLocator": "/publisher-data/patterns/trade-flows.json · coal · RUS → CHN"
    },
    {
      "place": "Australia",
      "code": "AUS",
      "destination": "China",
      "destinationCode": "CHN",
      "period": "2024",
      "value": "8695351377",
      "status": "Retained derived corridor value",
      "sharePct": 4.859022211262077,
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
      "sourceLocator": "/publisher-data/patterns/trade-flows.json · coal · AUS → CHN"
    },
    {
      "place": "Mongolia",
      "code": "MNG",
      "destination": "China",
      "destinationCode": "CHN",
      "period": "2024",
      "value": "8274600399",
      "status": "Retained derived corridor value",
      "sharePct": 4.6239036681609935,
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
      "sourceLocator": "/publisher-data/patterns/trade-flows.json · coal · MNG → CHN"
    },
    {
      "place": "Indonesia",
      "code": "IDN",
      "destination": "India",
      "destinationCode": "IND",
      "period": "2024",
      "value": "8097773672",
      "status": "Retained derived corridor value",
      "sharePct": 4.525091675777286,
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
      "sourceLocator": "/publisher-data/patterns/trade-flows.json · coal · IDN → IND"
    },
    {
      "place": "Indonesia",
      "code": "IDN",
      "destination": "China",
      "destinationCode": "CHN",
      "period": "2024",
      "value": "6513972180",
      "status": "Retained derived corridor value",
      "sharePct": 3.640052498612587,
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
      "sourceLocator": "/publisher-data/patterns/trade-flows.json · coal · IDN → CHN"
    },
    {
      "place": "Australia",
      "code": "AUS",
      "destination": "South Korea",
      "destinationCode": "KOR",
      "period": "2024",
      "value": "5358304105",
      "status": "Retained derived corridor value",
      "sharePct": 2.994257222285425,
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
      "sourceLocator": "/publisher-data/patterns/trade-flows.json · coal · AUS → KOR"
    },
    {
      "place": "Australia",
      "code": "AUS",
      "destination": "Other Asia, nes",
      "destinationCode": "S19",
      "period": "2024",
      "value": "5184638610",
      "status": "Retained derived corridor value",
      "sharePct": 2.8972117481063284,
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
      "sourceLocator": "/publisher-data/patterns/trade-flows.json · coal · AUS → S19"
    },
    {
      "place": "United States",
      "code": "USA",
      "destination": "India",
      "destinationCode": "IND",
      "period": "2024",
      "value": "4295811138",
      "status": "Retained derived corridor value",
      "sharePct": 2.400528837758205,
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
      "sourceLocator": "/publisher-data/patterns/trade-flows.json · coal · USA → IND"
    },
    {
      "place": "Indonesia",
      "code": "IDN",
      "destination": "Japan",
      "destinationCode": "JPN",
      "period": "2024",
      "value": "4135359592",
      "status": "Retained derived corridor value",
      "sharePct": 2.310867409249686,
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
      "sourceLocator": "/publisher-data/patterns/trade-flows.json · coal · IDN → JPN"
    },
    {
      "place": "Russia",
      "code": "RUS",
      "destination": "India",
      "destinationCode": "IND",
      "period": "2024",
      "value": "3942447415",
      "status": "Retained derived corridor value",
      "sharePct": 2.2030667566682003,
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
      "sourceLocator": "/publisher-data/patterns/trade-flows.json · coal · RUS → IND"
    },
    {
      "place": "Indonesia",
      "code": "IDN",
      "destination": "Philippines",
      "destinationCode": "PHL",
      "period": "2024",
      "value": "3096792357",
      "status": "Retained derived corridor value",
      "sharePct": 1.7305088884770483,
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
      "sourceLocator": "/publisher-data/patterns/trade-flows.json · coal · IDN → PHL"
    },
    {
      "place": "South Africa",
      "code": "ZAF",
      "destination": "India",
      "destinationCode": "IND",
      "period": "2024",
      "value": "3003046810.9999995",
      "status": "Retained derived corridor value",
      "sharePct": 1.6781232319956134,
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
      "sourceLocator": "/publisher-data/patterns/trade-flows.json · coal · ZAF → IND"
    },
    {
      "place": "Indonesia",
      "code": "IDN",
      "destination": "Malaysia",
      "destinationCode": "MYS",
      "period": "2024",
      "value": "2645835218.9999995",
      "status": "Retained derived corridor value",
      "sharePct": 1.4785109352183525,
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
      "sourceLocator": "/publisher-data/patterns/trade-flows.json · coal · IDN → MYS"
    }
  ],
  "commodity": "coal",
  "topic": "Trade routes",
  "coveragePct": 56.97309662516831
}