How concentrated is each commodity?

For 20 of the 90 commodities with production data here, a single country produces more than half of the world total, and China is that country for 7 of them. The middle commodity has 72% of its output in the five largest producers, and only 10 have a top five below half. The most concentrated is graphite, where China makes 78%.

Concentration matters because a supply shock in one place, whether weather, policy or a plant closure, reaches the whole world price when that place is a large share of the total. A commodity spread over dozens of similar-sized producers absorbs the same shock far more easily. Click a heading to sort.

Production by country from FAOSTAT (crops, livestock, forestry), USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries (minerals), the Energy Institute (energy) and FAO FishStat (fishmeal, shrimp); latest year in each source. "Countries reporting" counts countries with a reported figure, not every country that produces some. Uranium, orange juice and cardamom are left out because the production series behind them measures something else (nuclear generation, oranges, a mixed spice group).